Who was the founder of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) that advocated for better conditions for workers?

• A. Samuel Gompers
• B. Richard Olney
• C. Eugene V. Debs
• D. John D. Rockefeller

Answer: (A)

Samuel Gompers was the founder of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and played a crucial role in advocating for better working conditions, wages, and hours for American workers. He established the AFL in 1886, focusing on organizing skilled laborers into national unions. Under his leadership, the AFL pursued a pragmatic approach to labor relations, emphasizing collective bargaining and political action to achieve its goals. Gompers believed that unions should focus on concrete improvements for workers rather than broader social reforms, which helped the AFL grow in strength and influence during a time of significant industrialization and labor unrest in the United States.

The other individuals mentioned did not have a similar impact on labor rights in the same context. Richard Olney was a lawyer and served as the Attorney General and Secretary of State, but he was not directly associated with advocating for labor rights. Eugene V. Debs was a notable labor leader and socialist, but he was not the founder of the AFL; instead, he was known for founding the American Railway Union and promoting socialism. John D. Rockefeller was an industrialist and philanthropist whose focus was primarily on capitalism and business; he was not involved in labor advocacy.